Rektors roll som pedagogisk ledare i IKT-baserat skolutvecklingsprojekt
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5617/adno.3873Keywords:
digital användning, distribuerat ledarskap, IKT-ledarskap, kollektivt ledarskap, skolutvecklingsprojekt.Abstract
The principal of a Swedish school is among other duties the responsibility for the pedagogical development of the school. This article analyses how the principals act as pedagogical leaders in a collaborative ICT project (Information and Communication Technology). The analysis is based on a case study of an EU funded Nordic school development project where the goal was to develop cross-boarder educational models between the national education systems in the three participating countries Sweden, Denmark and Norway. The project was based on virtual communication between the schools using digital technology. The study investigated how the teachers from two schools involved in the project experienced the leadership of the principals in ICT related matters. The teachers were interviewed to find out how they perceived the support they had received from the principals on pedagogical issues, technical equipment and ICT competence. The interviews were analysed using Dexter’s three basic features, “setting direction”, “developing people” and “making the organisation work”. Two kinds of leadership were found. The first resembled a team-based leadership, or what is known as distributed leadership, in which the principal worked closely with teachers and ICT managers. The second resembled more a formal leadership approach in which principals had a positive attitude towards ICT development but conventional organisational roles were retained. In development projects where ICT will be integrated into teaching requires different types of skills and experience, and hence also between different professional competencies. The project as a working method can in the study be seen as a model for developing distributed leadership.
Keywords: computing, distributed leadership, ICT leadership, team-based school leadership, school development project.
Sammandrag
I artikeln undersöks hur rektor i sin roll som pedagogisk ledare agerar som stöd åt lärarna i samband med ett IKT-baserat skolutvecklingsprojekt (Information och kommunikationsteknik). Studien bygger på en fallstudie i ett EU-finansierat nordiskt skolprojekt där målet var att utveckla gränsöverskridande pedagogiska modeller för undervisning mellan klasser i de tre deltagande länderna Sverige, Danmark och Norge. Projektet byggde på virtuell kommunikation mellan skolorna med hjälp av digital teknik. Studien undersökte hur lärare från två skolor som deltog i projektet upplevde sina rektorer i IKT-relaterade frågor. En kvalitativ metod användes där lärarna intervjuades för att ta reda på hur de upplevde det stöd de fått från rektorerna gällande pedagogiska frågor, teknisk utrustning och IKT-kompetens. Som analysmodell användes tre funktioner som enligt Dexter (2008) anses gynna ett IKT-ledarskap, nämligen "att formulera mål och visioner", "att utveckla personalen" och "att se till att organisationen fungerar". Resultatet visar på två typer av ledarskap. Det ena hade likheter med ett kollektivt ledarskap eller ett så kallat distribuerat ledarskap, där rektor arbetade nära lärare och IKT-pedagoger. Det andra liknade mer ett traditionellt, formellt ledarskap där rektorerna hade en positiv inställning till IKT-utveckling, men där de olika yrkesrollerna arbetade var för sig. I ett utvecklingsprojekt där IKT ska integreras i undervisningen krävs olika typer av kunskaper och erfarenheter och därmed behövs samverkan mellan olika yrkeskompetenser. Projekt som arbetsform kan därför ses som en möjlighet för att utveckla ett distribuerat ledarskap.
Nyckelord: digital användning, distribuerat ledarskap, IKT-ledarskap, kollektivt ledarskap, skolutvecklingsprojekt.
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