Nationella prov i Sverige – tradition, utmaning, förändring
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5617/adno.6434Keywords:
det svenska skolsystemet, nationella prov, styrsystem, förändring, utmaning, kvalitetAbstract
Nationella prov har funnits i den svenska skolan sedan mitten av 1900-talet. Syftet med artikeln är att ge en överblick över de förändringar proven genomgått i relation till de olika styrdokument och betygssystem de varit kopplade till. Grundfrågan i texten är på vilket sätt, i vilken utsträckning och hur väl proven förmått möta de utmaningar som dessa förändringar krävt. Detta gäller i synnerhet övergången från ett norm- till ett målrelaterat system, med frågan om likvärdighet i bedömning och betygssättning i fokus. Även frågan om syfte/syften med de nationella proven har en central roll, liksom svenska lärares unika ansvar för bedömning och betygssättning av de egna elevernas kunskaper. Artikeln beskriver och diskuterar slutligen den aktuella situationen, då förändringar är på väg vad gäller regelverk och principer för de nationella provens utveckling, användning och funktion. I detta kan dels en statlig utredning, dels införandet av ett systemramverk för proven komma att få betydelse.
Nyckelord: det svenska skolsystemet; nationella prov; styrsystem; förändring; bedömning; kvalitet
National tests in Sweden – tradition, challenge, change
Abstract
In the Swedish school system, national tests have been in existence since the mid 1900s. The aim of this article is to give an overview of the gradual changes of these tests related to the different national curricula and grading systems that they have been connected to. The core question is in what way, to what extent, and how well the tests have managed to meet the challenges required by these developments. In particular, this deals with the transition from a norm- to a goal-referenced system, with the question of equity in assessment and grading in focus. In addition, the issue of aim/aims of national tests is an important aspect, as is the unique responsibility of Swedish teachers in assessing and grading their own students’ competences. Finally, attention is paid to the current situation, when several changes are underway regarding explicit regulations and principles for the development, use and function of the national test. In this, a governmental inquiry and the introduction of a common framework for national tests may become important.
Keywords: the Swedish school system; national tests; national regulations; change; assessment; quality
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