Attempted suicide and repeated

Forfattere

  • Latha Nrugham
  • Are Holen
  • Anne Mari Sund

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5617/suicidologi.2392

Resumé

ABSTRACT
Background & Aim: The current study examined non-attempters,
attempters and repeaters of suicide attempts in relation to stressful
life events and their levels of depression symptoms in an extracted
subset that was followed up from adolescence into early adulthood.
Did repeaters consistently report more stressful events and depression
than single attempters and non-attempters? If yes, was this
increase of events located in the family or at school or in the domain
of self and friends? Method: A representative sample of high school
students (T1, n = 2464, mean age = 13.7 years, 50.8% female,
88.3% participation) was re-assessed with the same questionnaire
after a year (T2Q). High scorers of depression on the Mood and
Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) were matched for gender and age with
low-and-middle scorers and assessed diagnostically by face-to-face
interviews at T2I (n = 345, 94% participation). The interviewed subset
was reassessed again 5 years later (T3) with the same questionnaire
(n = 252, mean age = 20.0 years, 73% participation) and by
telephone interviews. Stressful events were detected from a list of
three domains. Results: Repeaters of suicide attempts reported more
stressful events and were consistently more depressed. Differences
in domains of stressful life events were also observed.
Conclusion: Interventions including healthy coping in relation to
stressful events and depression among adolescents may prevent
suicide. Key words: longitudinal, K-SADS, adolescents, young adults.

Bakgrunn og målsetning: I denne studien ble tre grupper ungdommer
med høye depresjonsskårer undersøkt: noen som aldri hadde
forsøkt å ta livet sitt, en gruppe bestående av personer som hadde
forsøkt en enkelt gang og en gruppe som hadde forsøkt flere ganger.
Dette ble sett i forhold til antall og type belastende livshendelser
og depresjonsgrad. Ungdommene ble fulgt fra tidlige tenår frem til
starten av deres voksenliv. Spørsmålene som studien ville belyse,
var om ungdommer med gjentatte selvmordsforsøk rapporterte
flere belastende livshendelser og/eller var mer deprimerte enn de
som hadde forsøkt bare en gang eller ikke i det hele tatt. Hvis det
skulle være vise seg å være tilfellet, ville man se nærmere på hvilke
livsområder hvor det kunne finnes økt forekomst av belastende
livshendelser – innen familien, skolen eller selv og venner. Metode:
I utgangspunktet undersøkte man et større antall skoleelever (T1;
n=2464; gj.snittsalder = 13.7 år; 50.8% kvinner; 88.3% deltakelse).
De ble igjen undersøkt ett år senere med samme spørreskjema (T2).
Elever som da hadde høye depresjonsskårer på Mood and Feelings
Questionnaire (MFQ) ble matchet (2:1) for kjønn og alder med andre
elever som hadde lave eller middels depresjonsskårer; de ble videre
vurdert med et diagnostisk intervju ansikt til ansikt (T2; n=345; 94%
deltakelse). Dette selekterte utvalget ble på nytt vurdert 5 år senere
(T3) med samme spørreskjema (n =252; gj.snittsalder = 20.0; 73%
deltakelse) og med telefonintervju hvor dessuten belastende livshendelser
på tre livsområder ble kartlagt.Funn: Både de som hadde
begått selvmordsforsøk en gang og de med gjentatte selvmordsforsøk
rapporterte på alle tidspunkter langt flere belastende livshendelser
enn andre ungdommer, de var dessuten gjennomgående
dypere deprimerte enn øvrige. Det ble også funnet forskjeller i hvilke
livsområder hvor de var mest belastet. Konklusjoner: Hjelpetiltak
som stimulerer unge mennesker til bedre mestring av belastende
livshendelser og som er deprimerte, kan trolig virke forebygge mot
selvmord innen disse aldersgruppene.

Referencer

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