”Det er skrækkeligt. Jeg tænker, der har vi faktisk fejlet.” – Patienters selvmord ryster praktiserende læger

Forfattere

  • Anette Sofie Davidsen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5617/suicidologi.2126

Sammendrag

Baggrund: Patienter som begår selvmord har ofte konsulteret deres praktiserende læge kort før selvmordet. Man kunne derfor forvente, at lægerne havde en erindring om selvmordet, og at det havde påvirket dem følelsesmæssigt. Dette studie undersøgte den følelsesmæssige påvirkning af patienters selvmord på praktiserende læger, og hvorvidt denne påvirkning havde sammenhæng med lægernes tilbøjelighed til at undersøge for selvmordsrisiko. Metode: Der blev foretaget semistrukturerede interviews med 14 praktiserende læger, som var udvalgt strategisk med henblik på maksimal variation. Analysen blev udført med Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Resultater: Patienters selvmord påvirkede lægerne voldsomt følelsesmæssigt. Nogle udviklede skyldfølelse og mente de havde fejlet. Lægerne undersøgte kun for selvmordstanker, hvis de havde diagnosticeret en depression. Det førte til udtalt selvransagelse hvis patienten havde kontaktet lægen med fysiske symptomer, og selvmordstankerne ikke var blevet diagnosticeret. Lægerne var meget forskellige i deres tilbøjelighed til at undersøge for selvmordsrisiko, men alle, uafhængigt af andre forskelle, blev rystede følelsesmæssigt og ramt af skyldfølelse og selvransagelse hvis en patient begik selvmord. Konklusion: En patients selvmord påvirker i høj grad praktiserende læger. Følelsen af utilstrækkelighed var koblet til ikke at have været opmærksom på patientens selvmordtanker under konsultationen. De selvmord, som påvirkede lægerne mest, var hos patienter som var kommet med vage, diffuse, vanskeligt diagnosticerbare symptomer, hvor patienterne ikke havde tilkendegivet selvmordstanker og ikke havde vakt lægens mistanke om psykisk lidelse. Praktiske implikationer: Praktiserende lægers behov for støtte i følelsesmæssigt belastende situationer bør undersøges, og uddannelse bør fokusere på evnen til at erkende selvmordsrisiko, som maskeres af vage fysiske symptomer. Background: Patients who commit suicide have often seen their GP shortly before the suicide. It could therefore be assumed that GPs had a strong memory of these suicides and that the suicide had affected them emotionally. This study explored the emotional effect of patients’ suicides on GPs, and whether this effect was linked to the GPs’ propensity to explore suicide risk. Methods: Semistructured interviews were carried out with 14 GPs sampled purposively aiming at maximum variation. The analysis was carried out by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: Patients’ suicides had a substantial emotional effect on all GPs. Some developed a feeling of guilt and of having failed. If patients had contacted the GP about physical symptoms and the suicide ideation had not been diagnosed, this led to considerable self-scrutiny. GPs differed in their propensity to explore suicide ideation, but all, irrespective of other differences, were emotionally shaken and struck by guilt, feeling of failure, and self-scrutiny if a patient committed suicide. Conclusion: A patient’s suicide greatly affects all GPs. The feeling of insufficiency was linked to not having realized during the visit that the patient may have had suicidal thoughts. The suicides which affected the GPs the most were in patients who had presented vague and diffuse, not easily diagnosable symptoms and who had not given any indications of the suicidal thoughts. Practice implications: GPs’ need for support in emotionally stressful situations should be investigated, and training should be directed towards discovering suicide ideation masked by vague physical symptoms.

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Nedlastinger

Publisert

2015-05-28